ET 1709: PASTORAL ETHICS

Bangor Theological Seminary

Fall Semester 1999

Tuesdays, 8:30 -- 11:20 a.m. (Bangor)

Instructor: Marvin M. Ellison

774-5212 (Portland office)

1-800-287-6781 (Bangor office)

Mellison@bts.edu

Course description

Changing clergy identity, roles, and responsibilities will be addressed in relation to a range of ethical issues faced in parish life and ministry, including issues around confidentiality, clergy sexual misconduct, collegiality with professional peers, and the ethics of preaching, counseling, and social witness. A theological framework for ethical pastoral conduct will be developed with attention to issues of power, professionalism, and the limits of power and professionalism. 3 credits

Goals

    1. To become familiar with professional ethics and particular issues within pastoral ministry.
    2. To develop a theological framework for ethical pastoral conduct.
    3. To gain critical appreciation of at least one denominational code of ethics for ministry.

Texts

Chaffee, Paul, Accountable Leadership: A Resource Guide for Sustaining Legal, Financial, And Ethical Integrity in Today’s Congregations (Jossey-Bass, 1997).

Gula, S.S., Richard M., Ethics in Pastoral Ministry (Paulist Press, 1996).

Hahn, Celia Allison, Growing in Authority, Relinquishing Control: A New Approach to Faithful Leadership (Alban Institute, 1994).

One of the following:

Barton, Ronald, and Karen Lebacqz, Sex in the Parish (Westminster/John Knox, 1993).

Fortune, Marie, Is Nothing Sacred? When Sex Invades the Pastoral Relationship (Harper San Francisco, 1989).

Hopkins, Nancy Myer, and Mark Laaser, eds., Restoring the Soul of a Church: Healing Congregations Wounded by Clergy Sexual Misconduct (ISTI, 1995).

Ragsdale, Katherine Hancock, ed., Boundary Wars: Intimacy and Distance in Healing Relationships (Pilgrim Press, 1996).

Course requirements (See details below)

    1. Class preparation, participation, and weekly "new insight/question" submissions (10%)
    2. A "theology and ethics of ministry" paper developing a theological framework for pastoral ethics (30%)
    3. An integration project in three parts, including an in-class presentation (15%, 20% and 25%)

Measures of evaluation

    1. Your class preparation and participation are vital, both for your learning and the quality of our shared work. Participation should give evidence of engaged reading, attention to the topic at hand, and coherent presentation of your thoughts.
    2. Dialogue is crucial for ethical action and reflection. Respectful listening and "hearing one another into speech" are as important as respectful speaking and taking a stand.
    3. Writing is a significant mode of doing ethics. The assigned papers are designed as learning exercises to help you organize your research and reflection. In your writing, show accurate knowledge and understanding of the materials studied, an ability to synthesize and express what you have learned clearly and in well-organized form, and a willingness to be creatively engaged as a "constructive critic." Show how you are developing – and claiming – your own ethical voice in relation to professional ethics in ministry.

Course requirements (in detail)

  1. Class preparation, participation, and weekly "new insight/question" submissions (10%) Due weekly
  1. Do the assigned readings on schedule.
  2. For sessions #2-#11 bring to class (typed, double-spaced, no more than 2-3 sentences) one new insight and one question relating to the week’s reading. Be specific with text reference(s). (1x10=10%)
  3. Participate constructively in class discussion, including active listening.

 

  1. An 8-10 page "theology and ethic of ministry" paper (typed, doubled-spaced, footnoted, bibliography) developing a theological framework for pastoral ethics (30%) Due October 26
  2. To develop a theological framework for pastoral ethics, first explicate the assigned readings about professional ethics in ministry (Chaffee, Gula, and Hahn), noting areas of similarity and difference. What did you learn about pastoral ethics from each author? What did you find helpful, jarring, or both? How has this book(s) enriched your own understanding of pastoral ethics? Second, develop a concise statement of your theology and ethic of ministry. What are the key themes, principles, and concerns that you believe should be included in any professional code of ethics in ministry? How does one or more of the three authors help you to clarify your own assumptions about ministry, leadership, power, and so forth?

  3. An integration project in three parts, including in-class presentation (20% and 40%)

Part One. Consultation with clergy. (15%)

Consult with two clergy, one of whom is not in your denomination, about ethical issues in the practice of ministry. Be sure to address assumptions about ministry, leadership, power, authority, and so forth. What specific issues in professional ethics has the clergyperson struggled with in his or her ministry? How were these concerns dealt with, and what resources did the clergy call upon? Prepare notes from your conversations (typed, doubled spaced) and submit with your final work.

Part Two. Case study and critical analysis. ( 20%) Due December 14 and 21.

In light of your clergy consultations, construct a 2-3 paragraph case study (no more than one-page maximum) describing an ethical issue or dilemma in the practice of ministry. Then in 3-5 pages (typed, doubled spaced) provide a written critical analysis of the case in which you draw on (a) your consultations with clergy, (b) your "theology and ethic of ministry" paper, (c) readings from Chaffee, Gula, and Hahn and others in the course, and (d) insights from your own denomination’s code of ministerial ethics. In your analysis, be sure to provide specific text references to sources used.

For your in-class presentation, prepare copies of your one-page case study to distribute to the entire class membership. Lead a discussion of your case, and then share your own learnings and key insights at the conclusion.

Part Three. Critical assessment of your denomination’s code of ethics. (25%) Due January 6.

In 8-10 pages, provide a critical and appreciative assessment of your denomination’s code of professional conduct, including policies about clergy sexual misconduct, counseling guidelines, mandatory reporting, confidentiality, etc. Explore the code’s theology and ethic of ministry, including assumptions about ministry, leadership, power, and authority, and so forth. What guidance is provided about maintaining ethical integrity in ministry? If lapses occur, how are they addressed? What does your denomination’s code say about clergy as persons and about the professional role? Identify both strengths and weaknesses, including omissions, you perceive about the guidance provided. If there are omissions, how would you correct them? As appropriate, suggest changes.

As you develop your assessment, draw on (a) your consultations with clergy and (b) your course readings. Note: With your assessment, be sure to submit a full text of your denomination’s code, which will be returned to you.

Course schedule

 

SECTION ONE: PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN MINISTRY

 

I. September 14 Introduction to this course. Expectations and requirements.

Professional ethics in ministry: Some working assumptions

II. September 21 Becoming an Accountable Leader

Due today: Learning List

Read: Paul Chaffee, Accountable Leadership, Preface and Parts One and Two (pp. xi-150.)

Discussion leaders:

Ch. 1 Courage and Responsibilities of Leadership ____________

Ch. 2 What the Law Requires ____________

Ch. 3 The Role of the Governing Board ____________

Ch. 4 Developing Life-Support Systems for the Corporate Body ____________

Ch. 5 Responsible Financial Management ____________

Ch. 6 Employment Practices ____________

Ch. 7 Contracting with Service Providers ____________

 

SECTION TWO: DEVELOPING A THEOLOGICAL-ETHICAL FRAMEWORK

 

III. September 28 Developing a Theological-Ethical Framework

Read: Richard Gula, S.S., Ethics in Pastoral Ministry, Introduction and Part One (pp. 1-90).

Discussion leaders:

Ch. 1 Theological Foundations _______________

Ch. 2 The Minister’s Character and Virtue _______________

Ch. 3 Professional Duties _______________

Ch. 4 Power in the Pastoral Relationship _______________

IV. October 5 Authority and Leadership

Read: Celia Allison Hahn, Growing in Authority and Relinquishing Control, Chs. 1-3 (pp. 1-71).

Prepare in advance for class discussion:

    1. Childhood authority figures: Who served as a positive model of authority for you as a child? A negative model? Identify the factors that mattered most to you, positively and negatively.
    2. Provide a working definition of authority. Then reflect on your own experiences with authority. Where have you experienced authority in your life (at work, home, church, etc.)? What was the source of that authority for you? Where did it come from?
    3. In your own experience, what about authority doesn’t work well (and for whom)? What do you want to question? Where is change most needed, and why?
    4. What biblical texts/images come to mind when you think about authority? How is human authority understood in relation to God?

October 12 Reading Week (no class)

V. October 19 Authority and Gender; Authority of the Laity

Read: Hahn, Growing in Authority, Chs. 4-6 (pp. 72-185.

Prepare in advance for class discussion:

    1. How do women and men experience their authority in ministry similarly and differently? What are some challenges and opportunities for both women and men in rethinking authority in the church?
    2. In what ways do clergy experience having their authority challenged? What are positive and negative responses to such challenges?
    3. What "promise and problems" do you identify with the pastoral role? What image or metaphor best describes your model of ministry?
    4. How do you see the authority of the laity? What image or metaphor best describes your model of church/community?

Panel: "Clergy Reflect on Authority in and for Ministry"

 

SECTION III: ISSUES IN MINISTRY

 

  1. Clergy sexual conduct -- and misconduct: October 26 -- November 16
  2. Ethical Issues in Preaching, Counseling, and Social Witness: November 30
  3. Clergy and confidentiality: December 7

During the next four sessions, in addition to the assigned reading, read one of the following:

Barton, Ronald, and Karen Lebacqz, Sex in the Parish (Westminster/John Knox, 1993).

Fortune, Marie, Is Nothing Sacred? When Sex Invades the Pastoral Relationship (Harper San Francisco, 1989).

Hopkins, Nancy Myer, and Mark Laaser, eds., Restoring the Soul of a Church: Healing Congregations Wounded by Clergy Sexual Misconduct (ISTI, 1995).

Ragsdale, Katherine Hancock, ed., Boundary Wars: Intimacy and Distance in Healing Relationships (Pilgrim Press, 1996).

 

VI. October 26 Clergy sexual conduct -- and misconduct

Read: Gula, Ethics in Pastoral Ministry, Ch. 5 ("Sexuality"), pp. 91-116.

VII. November 2 Clergy sexual conduct, continued

Read: Chaffee, Accountable Leadership, Ch. 8 ("Zero Tolerance for Abusive Behavior") and Ch. 9 ("Preventing Sexual Misconduct"), pp. 153-208.

VIII. November 9 Clergy sexual conduct, continued

Read: Chaffee, Accountable Leadership, Ch. 10 ("Healing the Wounded Congregation"), pp. 209-224.

 

 

IX. November 16 Clergy sexual conduct, continued

Read: Nancy Myer Hopkins, "Symbolic Church Fights: The Hidden Agenda When Clergy Trust Has Been Betrayed,: Congregations (May/June 1993), 15-18.

November 23 Thanksgiving Recess (no class)

 

X. November 30 The Ethics of Preaching, Counseling, Social Witness, and Finances

Read: Eugene Lowry, "Preaching or Reciting?: Theft in the Pulpit," The Christian Ministry (March/April 1991), 9-11.

American Association of Pastoral Counselors, "Code of Ethics, Approved April 27, 1991), 9 pages.

Michael Phillips, "What I Can and Can’t Discuss At Home," Leadership (Spring 1988), 52-56.

Thomas E. and Melinda L. Denham, "Avoiding Malpractice Suits in Pastoral Counseling," Pastoral Psychology 35:2 (Winter 1986), 83-93.

James B. Nelson, "Ethical Issues in the Ministry of Social Witness," in Ethical Issues in the Practice of Ministry, ed. Jane A. Boyajian (Minneapolis: United Theological Seminary of the Twin Cities, 1984), 44-54.

Anson Shupe, "Economic Fraud and Christian Leaders in the United States," in Wolves Within the Fold, 49-64.

Loren B. Mead, "Caught in the Financial Bind: Reflections on Clergy and Money," Congregations 23:4 (July/August 1996), 3-4.

Panel discussion: (TBA) Robert Gustafson

Clifton Guthrie

Carol Sherman

Randy Cretien

XI. December 7 Clergy and Confidentiality

Resource person: Anne Underwood, Esq.

Read: Gula, Ethics in Pastoral Ministry, Ch. 6 ("Confidentiality"), pp. 117-141.

Elizabeth Audette, "Confidentiality in the Church: What the Pastor Knows and Tells," The Christian Century (January 28, 1998), 80-81.

Marie M. Fortune, "Confidentiality and Mandatory Reporting: A False Dilemma," The Christian Century (June 18-25, 1986), 582-583.

Marie M. Fortune, "Reporting Child Abuse: An Ethical Mandate," in Abuse and Religion, ed. Anne L. Horton and Judith A. Williamson (1988), 189-197.

William H. Willimon, ""Heard About the Pastor Who . . . ? Gossip as an Ethical Activity," The Christian Century 107:31 (October 31, 1990), 994-996.

XII. December 14 Case Studies

Read: Gula, Ethics in Pastoral Ministry, Ch. 7 ("A Proposed Code of Ethics"), pp. 142-152.

Chaffee, Accountable Leadership, "Afterword: What Do We Need to Begin?," 225-229.

Hahn, Growing in Authority, Ch. 6 ("Growing in Authority, Being the Church"), pp. 146-186.

XIII. December 21 Case Studies

Course evaluation

 

Final work due January 6, 2000

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ET 1709

Fall Semester 1999

Bangor Theological Seminary (Bangor)

LEARNING LIST

Name:

Degree or audit status:

Prior coursework in Ethics:

At BTS:

At other institutions:

Name of institution(s)

 

Course(s), workshop(s), etc.

 

 

  1. I am taking this course in order to: (list your specific learning goals)
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  3. Readings and practical experience that provide me with background for this course include:
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  5. Topics or ideas I hope to explore in this course include:
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  7. I plan to use my learning from this course in order to: